Can Dogs Eat Earthworms? What Pet Parents Need to Know

It’s a sunny Saturday morning, and you’re enjoying a cup of coffee while your dog, Max, tears around the backyard. Suddenly, he skids to a halt, nose buried in the dirt, and emerges with a squirming, slimy prize: an earthworm. Before you can react, he gulps it down, tail wagging like he just ate a gourmet treat. Cue the panic: Is that safe? Will he get sick? Should I call the vet?

If you’ve ever found yourself in this situation, you’re not alone. Dogs are curious creatures, and their love for digging often leads them to cross paths with earthworms. But are these wriggly garden dwellers a harmless snack or a hidden hazard? Let’s dig in (pun intended) to what you need to know.

Table of Contents

1. Can Dogs Eat Earthworms? The Short Answer
2. Potential “Benefits” of Earthworms for Dogs (Spoiler: They’re Minimal)
3. The Risks: Why Earthworms Aren’t a Great Idea
4. How Much Earthworm Is “Safe” for Dogs?
5. Healthier Alternatives to Earthworms
6. FAQ: Your Top Earthworm Questions Answered
7. Conclusion: When in Doubt, Consult Your Vet

Can Dogs Eat Earthworms? The Short Answer

Let’s cut to the chase: Earthworms are not toxic to dogs, but that doesn’t mean they’re a good choice for a snack. A single accidental nibble is unlikely to harm your pup, but regular or large-scale consumption could lead to health issues. Think of earthworms as the canine equivalent of junk food—tempting (to them), but offering little nutritional value and plenty of potential downsides.

Potential “Benefits” of Earthworms for Dogs (Spoiler: They’re Minimal)

You might wonder, If dogs eat them, there must be some upside, right? Let’s break down what earthworms do contain—but don’t get your hopes up.

1. Trace Nutrients

Earthworms are protein-rich (about 60-70% protein by dry weight, according to some studies), but the quality of that protein is low. Dogs need “complete” proteins with all 10 essential amino acids, which earthworms lack. They also contain small amounts of vitamins (like B12) and minerals (iron, potassium), but these are in such tiny doses they won’t contribute meaningfully to your dog’s diet.

2. Fiber (Sort Of)

Earthworms have a tough outer layer called chitin, a fiber-like substance. While fiber is good for dogs’ digestion, chitin is hard for their bodies to break down. It may act as a mild stool softener in small amounts, but it’s not a reliable or healthy source of fiber.

The bottom line: Any “benefits” are negligible. Your dog gets far more nutrition from their regular kibble or fresh, vet-approved treats.

The Risks: Why Earthworms Aren’t a Great Idea

Now, let’s talk about the downsides—because here’s where things get serious.

1. Parasites: A Hidden Threat

Earthworms live in soil, which is teeming with parasites. One of the biggest risks is lungworm (e.g., Angiostrongylus vasorum), a parasite that can infect dogs when they eat infected earthworms. Lungworm larvae live in the earthworm’s body, and when your dog swallows the worm, the larvae migrate to their lungs, heart, or blood vessels. Symptoms include coughing, fatigue, weight loss, or even organ damage.

Other parasites, like roundworms or tapeworms, can also hitch a ride in earthworms. Even if your dog doesn’t get sick immediately, these parasites can lay eggs in their intestines, leading to long-term health issues.

2. Pesticides and Chemicals

If your yard (or the area where the earthworm was found) is treated with pesticides, herbicides, or fertilizers, the worm could absorb these toxins. Dogs are much more sensitive to chemicals than humans, and ingesting even small amounts could cause vomiting, diarrhea, or neurological issues.

3. Choking Hazard

Small dogs or puppies are at risk of choking on earthworms, especially if they try to swallow them whole. The worm’s slimy texture can also get stuck in their throat, leading to gagging or difficulty breathing.

4. Stomach Upset

Let’s face it: Earthworms are foreign to a dog’s digestive system. Eating one (or several) can irritate their stomach lining, causing vomiting, diarrhea, or gas. Some dogs may even develop an upset stomach from the chitin in the worm’s exoskeleton.

How Much Earthworm Is “Safe” for Dogs?

There’s no official “dose” of earthworm that’s considered safe, and for good reason: We don’t recommend feeding them intentionally.

If your dog snatches an earthworm during a digging spree, stay calm. A single worm is unlikely to cause harm, but monitor them for 24-48 hours for signs of trouble (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy).

If they eat multiple worms (or you suspect the worms were in a chemically treated area), contact your vet. Puppies, senior dogs, or dogs with weakened immune systems are more vulnerable and may need medical attention.

Healthier Alternatives to Earthworms

If your dog loves “digging up snacks,” why not swap earthworms for safe, nutritious alternatives? Here are some vet-approved options:

1. Lean Proteins

• Cooked chicken/turkey: Shredded, boneless, and unseasoned—packed with high-quality protein.
• Salmon: Rich in omega-3s for healthy skin and coat (cooked, no bones).
• Scrambled eggs: A great source of protein and vitamins (cooked, no salt).

2. Crunchy Veggies

• Carrots: Low-calorie, high in fiber, and great for dental health.
• Green beans: A crunchy, fiber-rich snack (steamed or raw, no added salt).
• Sweet potato: Cooked and mashed—loaded with vitamins A and C.

3. Fruits (In Moderation)

• Blueberries: Antioxidant powerhouses (safe and low in sugar).
• Apples: Remove the seeds (they contain cyanide) and core—crunchy and high in fiber.

4. Commercial Treats

Look for treats made with whole-food ingredients (no artificial additives). Brands like Blue Buffalo, Wellness, or Merrick offer options tailored to your dog’s size and dietary needs.

FAQ: Your Top Earthworm Questions Answered

Q: My dog ate an earthworm. Should I panic?

A: Probably not. A single worm is rarely cause for alarm. Monitor them for 24 hours—if they vomit, have diarrhea, or seem lethargic, call your vet.

Q: Can earthworms give my dog parasites?

A: Yes. Lungworms are a real risk, especially in areas where the parasite is common (e.g., parts of Europe, the U.S., and Australia). Talk to your vet about deworming prevention.

Q: Are there any earthworm species that are toxic to dogs?

A: No known earthworm species is toxic, but all carry the same risks (parasites, chemicals, choking).

Q: My dog loves digging—how can I stop them from eating earthworms?

A: Redirect their digging! Provide a designated digging spot (filled with sand or dirt) and bury safe toys or treats there. Praise them when they dig in the “right” place to reinforce good behavior.

Q: Should I deworm my dog after they eat an earthworm?

A: Not necessarily. Deworming meds are strong and should only be given if your vet suspects a parasite infection. If your dog shows symptoms (e.g., coughing, diarrhea), ask your vet to test for lungworm or other parasites.

Conclusion: When in Doubt, Consult Your Vet

At the end of the day, earthworms are a “meh” snack for dogs—neither toxic nor beneficial. Accidental ingestion is usually harmless, but intentional feeding isn’t worth the risk of parasites, chemicals, or stomach upset.

As a pet parent, your best bet is to keep an eye on your dig-happy pup, offer safe alternatives, and always consult your vet if you’re worried. After all, Max’s health (and your peace of mind) are worth more than a squirming garden snack.

Happy digging (for toys, not worms)!

References

• ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center. (n.d.). Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants and Foods.
• PetMD. (2023). Lungworm in Dogs: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment.
• British Veterinary Association. (2022). Lungworm in Dogs: What You Need to Know.
• Merck Veterinary Manual. (2023). Nutritional Requirements of Dogs.